strain
美 [streɪn] 
英 [streɪn]
- n.压力；品系；应力；张力
- v.扭伤；拉紧；滤；损伤
- 网络应变；紧张；菌株
词形变化
第三人称单数：strains 现在分词：straining 过去式：strained 同义词
英汉双解
担忧；焦虑worry/anxiety
1. | [u][c] 压力；重负；重压之下出现的问题（或担忧等）pressure on sb/sth because they have too much to do or manage, or sth very difficult to deal with; the problems, worry or anxiety that this produces |
| Their marriage is under great strain at the moment. 眼下他们的婚姻关系非常紧张。 |
| These repayments are putting a strain on our finances. 偿还这些债务对我们的财务状况形成了压力。 |
| Relax, and let us take the strain(= do things for you) . 你歇一下，我们来顶一会儿。 |
| The transport service cannot cope with the strain of so many additional passengers. 运输部门无法应对临时增加这么多乘客所带来的紧张局面。 |
| You will learn to cope with the stresses and strains of public life. 你要学会怎样应付公众人物生活的紧张和辛劳。 |
| I found it a strain having to concentrate for so long. 我觉得这么长时间全神贯注挺累的。 |
物理压力physical pressure
2. | [u][c] 压力；拉力；张力；应力the pressure that is put on sth when a physical force stretches, pushes, or pulls it |
| The rope broke under the strain . 绳子给拉断了。 |
| You should try not to place too much strain on muscles and joints. 你要尽量不让肌肉和关节太吃力。 |
| The ground here cannot take the strain of a large building. 这块地承受不住大型建筑的压力。 |
| The cable has a 140kg breaking strain(= it will break when it is stretched or pulled by a force greater than this) . 这种缆索的断裂应变力为 140 公斤。 |
损伤injury
3. | [c][u] 劳损；拉伤；扭伤an injury to a part of your body, such as a muscle, that is caused by using it too much or by twisting it |
| a calf/groin/leg strain 腿肚子╱腹股沟╱腿部拉伤 |
| |
动植物╱疾病种类type of plant/animal/disease
4. | [c] （动、植物的）系，品系，品种；（疾病的）类型a particular type of plant or animal, or of a disease caused by bacteria, etc. |
| a new strain of mosquitoes resistant to the poison 对这种毒药有抗药性的新品种蚊子 |
| This is only one of the many strains of the disease. 这种病有许多类型，这只是其中之一。 |
性格in sb's character
5. | [c][ususing] 个性特点；性格倾向；禀性a particular tendency in the character of a person or group, or a quality in their manner |
| He had a definite strain of snobbery in him. 他这个人明显有一股势利小人的气味。 |
音乐of music
6. | [c][usupl] 乐曲；曲调；旋律the sound of music being played or sung |
| She could hear the strains of Mozart through the window. 她听见从窗户飘出的莫扎特的旋律。 |
损伤injure
1. | [t] ~ sth/yourself 损伤；拉伤；扭伤to injure yourself or part of your body by making it work too hard |
尽力make effort
2. | [t][i] 尽力；竭力；使劲to make an effort to do sth, using all your mental or physical strength |
| I strained my ears(= listened very hard) to catch what they were saying. 我竖起耳朵去听他们在说些什么。 |
| Necks were strained for a glimpse of the stranger. 大家伸长了脖子想看一看这个陌生人。 |
| People were straining to see what was going on. 人们翘首企足看发生了什么事。 |
| He burst to the surface, straining for air. 他冲出水面，使劲吸气。 |
| Bend gently to the left without straining. 轻轻向左弯，不要用力。 |
使达到极限stretch to limit
3. | [t] ~ sth 过度使用；使不堪承受to try to make sth do more than it is able to do |
| The sudden influx of visitors is straining hotels in the town to the limit. 游客突然涌入，城里的旅馆全都爆满。 |
| His constant complaints were straining our patience. 他没完没了的抱怨让我们忍无可忍。 |
| The dispute has strained relations between the two countries(= made them difficult) . 这场争端使两国关系紧张起来。 |
用力推╱拉push/pull hard
4. | [i] + adv./prep. 用力推（或拉）；拉紧to push hard against sth; to pull hard on sth |
| She strained against the ropes that held her. 她使劲挣了挣拴着她的绳子。 |
| The dogs were straining at the leash , eager to get to the park. 几条狗用力拽着皮带，急于要去公园。 |
过滤separate solid from liquid
5. | [t] 滤；过滤to pour food, etc. through sth with very small holes in it, for example a sieve , in order to separate the solid part from the liquid part |
| Use a colander to strain the vegetables. 把蔬菜放在漏筐里控控水。 |
| Strain off any excess liquid. 滤掉多余的液体。 |
习惯用语
strain at the leash
急于；迫不及待to want to do sth very much
| Like all youngsters, he's straining at the leash to leave home. 跟所有年轻人一样，他也急于离开家生活。 |
strain every nerve/sinew (to do sth)
竭尽全力（做某事）to try as hard as you can to do sth
英汉解释
n. | 1. 血统,家世;族,种;【生】品系,系;菌株;变种,小种 |
v. | 1. 拉伤,用力过度而弄伤,使工作过度;使用过度而弄坏;扭伤 |
英英解释
例句
In a straight fight, therefore, it was the drug-sensitive strain that had the selective advantage when faced with a two-pronged attack.
这场直接的菌群较量说明了当面对两种进攻的时候，敏感菌有优势。
Forget it! Don't strain at a gnat. As you know, he is hard up these days.
算了吧！不要斤斤计较。如你所知，他最近手头紧。
Swing ingredients in a shaker with cracked ice, strain into a chilled cocktail glass, and garnish with a slice of lemon.
将液体注入混合器，加碎冰块摇匀，注入冷却过的鸡尾酒酒杯，用一片柠檬装饰。
This division of labour, however, is under strain because some Chinese partners feel ready to go it alone.
然而，这种劳动分工目前陷入紧张之中，因为部分中方合作伙伴感觉自己已经可以单干了。
In comedy it doesn't look like there's an art going on; it should look as if it's easy, cos there shouldn't be a sense of strain.
在喜剧中，要看起来不像是在进行一门艺术，它应该看起来好像很简单，因为不能有严肃的成分。
over saucepan, strain berries, through a fine sieve, pressing with back of a spoon.
在平底锅，应变浆果，通过细筛，按同一个勺子回来。
It put a tremendous strain on my thigh muscles, but now Dixie was able to wheel me out of the elevator with ease.
我大腿的肌肉被狠狠拉紧，不过迪克西现在能轻易地把我推出电梯了。
You stand all day long. So your back can hurt. When you're standing straight up, your lower back is going to get a strain.
你整天都站着。所以你的背会很疼。当你站直时，你的后背下部会开始绷紧。
And so it began to pile up until one day I collapsed from the strain of it, becoming an empty shell, a parody of who I used to be.
所以它开始慢慢地堆积起来，知道有一天我在那些压力中崩溃了，变成一个空壳，变成过去的一拙劣的模仿品。
At times this deep strain of pathos was all that could be heard, and scarcely heard, sighing amid a desolate silence.
那低沉而悲怆的旋律时时成为你所能听到的全部声音，隐约地在凄凉的沉默之中哀叹。
Yet even to believers in small government, like this newspaper, there are good reasons for letting taxes take at least some of the strain.
本刊属于笃信小政府的人，甚至对于所有这样的人来说，都有充足的理由认为税收应该分担部分压力。
buck - a - litre gasoline may be putting a serious strain on your household finances , but at least your federal government is cashing in.
一公升一块钱的汽油会让许多家庭感到经济压力，但对联邦政府来说，这正是他们捞钱的好时候。
"This strain has never been found in any animal, so it is possible that it could have come from straight from the environment into humans" .
这次疫情的致病菌从未在任何动物体内检出，所以很可能它是从环境中直接进入人体。
He called swine flu "a novel strain of influenza" , and said the trial would determine the dose and schedule of the vaccination.
他称猪流感为“一种新型流感”，还说，推广疫苗的剂量和计划都将根据试验情况而定。
The strain, known as S. Kentucky, has developed resistance to the antibiotic Ciprofloxacin, often used for treating severe Salmonella cases.
被称为S•肯德基的这种菌株，已对抗生素环丙沙星产生耐药，后者经常用于治疗严重的沙门氏菌病症。
I know his character and his personality and I believe that becoming king would be an immense strain for him as he would lose his freedom.
我知道他的性格和他的个性以及我相信成为国王对他来讲将会是一种巨大压力，因为他将会失去自由。
When you're standing and ready to move, continue holding the object close to your body to decrease the strain on your lower back.
当你站立并准备移动的时候，继续靠近你的身体托住物品，以减少腰背部的拉力。
Cynthia was more than curious, but she relented when she noticed the strain in her daughter's face.
莘济亚感到特别奇怪，却是很和蔼谛视着她女儿紧张的脸。
To see what was going on, he labelled the doxycycline-resistant strain with a yellow protein and the sensitive strain with a blue protein.
为了观察进行情况，他用黄色蛋白质标记耐脱氧土霉素的大肠埃希菌，用蓝色的蛋白标记对脱氧土霉素敏感的细菌。
Smallpox only infected humans -- it was easy to recognize, and there was only one strain of it -- so a vaccine was easily producible.
天花只会传染给人类，这样就容易辨认，再加上它只有一个菌株，所以很容易研制出疫苗。
There was about Clyde at times a certain strain of tenderness, evoked by experiences, disappointments, and hardships in his own life.
克莱德有时也很有点温柔劲儿，这是他自己一生中的遭遇、挫折和艰苦熔铸成的。
The final configuration is identical to that in (a), and the total plastic strain is six atomic spacings.
最后的排列虽与图a一样，但总的塑性应变量是6个原子距。
He himself had drunk the two absinthes and some wine but his head was clear and cold from the strain of the difficulty with Pablo.
他自己也喝了两杯艾酒和一些红酒，但是由于刚才和巴勃罗紧张地较量了一番，他的头脑却清醒而冷静。
The strain between them had persisted since yesterday afternoon.
他们之间的紧张关系从昨天下午就开始了。
The grid method of strain analysis is one of the oldest techniques known to experimental stress analysis.
格栅法是实验应力分析中最古老的技术之一。
Yet, even on her, the strain could sometimes tell.
然而，就连她有时也累垮了。
The steel frames began to buckle under the strain.
钢架在重压下开始变形。
Does he strain at my request?
他认为我的要求难以接受吗？
It was held that the Pharaohs, being of so divine a strain, could not marry common clay.
人们认为，法老既然有神圣的血统就不能和普通人通婚。
Gerberich also used birefringent-coating technique to investigate the strain fields in cracked aluminum plates.
Gerberich也曾用双折射涂层法研究了有裂纹铝板的应变场。
The Germany strain in him makes him like philosophy.
他的德意志民族的血统使得他喜欢研究哲学。
There is no strain in his verse.
他的诗没有韵味。
The strain of the second divorce was too much for Herzog.
第二次离婚给赫索格的打击实在太大。
She should strain a point to rejoin him.
她应该克服成见同他和好。
Things are terrible at work and people are cracking under the strain.
工作情况很糟糕，人们因过度紧张越来越吃不消了。
He's bearing up well under the strain of losing his job.
他坚强地顶住了失业的压力。
They can grow in all mouse strain.
它们可以在所有的小鼠株内生长。
Nobody knows how much strain the ground forces can bear.
地面部队能承受多大压力，对此无人知晓。
Researchers looked for an additional mechanism that might have compensated for the increased strain of pregnancy as well.
研究者过去也寻找过其他对因怀孕而造成的肌肉紧张有抵消作用的身体机制。
"Oh, can Pa have lost his mind? " thought Scarlett, and her throbbing head felt as if it would crack with this added strain.
“哦，难道爸爸已经失了神了吗？”思嘉一面想着，一面因受了这一新的刺激，觉得她的头要裂开了。
"I lied to her, " he replied, his voice so quiet that Sky had to strain himself to hear.
“我骗她，”他回答说，他的声音那么安静，天空已经听到自己的应变。
Through my writing, she began to understand why I was under so much strain when she was little.
看了我写的东西，她也开始明白她小时候我为什么承受了那么大的压力。
But since it was made of a stretchy material, I decided to test its strain properties.
但是，由于它是一种可伸展的材料，我就决定测试一下它的应变性质。
When I was a young apprentice, I worked very hard and under great strain, but I said nothing about it to my parents.
我当小学徒上四，压力大，工作很辛苦，但我从不把这些告诉父母。
At first, scientists thought a new strain of disease might be responsible. Right now, he said, that doesn't appear to be the case.
刚开始，科学家们认为可能某种新型疾病是罪魁祸首。现在，杰夫•佩蒂斯认为情况并非如此。
Divorce: More than half of American marriages end up in divorce and with it comes strain on personal finances.
离婚：超过一半的美国家庭最后离婚，随之而来的是个人经济上的压力。
He said that a local outbreak of an influenza strain mimicking meningitis was the cause of Clive's confusion.
医生说当地爆发了一种很像脑炎的感冒是造成克莱夫头脑混乱的原因。
The long- term monitoring of secondary tunnel lining stress and strain is always a focus problem in geotechnical engineering field.
隧道二次衬砌应力、应变状态的长期监测，一直是国内外岩土工程界关注的焦点。
Owen, especially given the explosive nature of his position, is a sudden snap or strain waiting to happen.
欧文，特别是考虑到他位置的特点就别作梦了。
A hybrid grid method was used to determine the principal plastic strain distribution in a deformed area of a sheet metal piece.
为进一步研究大型覆盖件冲压成形质量分析的技术，采用混合网格法进行变形区域塑性主应变分布测量。
Maize plants exudate proline, which allows CS-4 to colonize the rhizosphere at a similar level to that of the wild-type strain.
玉米植株分泌物脯氨酸，使铯4殖民根际在同一水平，与野生型菌株。
A further study on the principal orientations of strain changes before the great shock shows that they did not all point to the epicenter.
进一步对地震前观测应变变化主方向的分析结果表明，它们并非都指向震中。
All this suggests, indeed, that far from learning to live with the strong pound, the economy is under growing strain as a result of it.
所有这些证据说明，确实，不仅远没有学会了与坚挺的英镑相处，而且由于英镑的升值，经济面临的压力在不断增加。
This means that the immune system was able to detect and respond to infection by the mutant strain better than normal TB.
这就表明相比于正常的TB，免疫系统更易于监测和对受染的突变菌株产生应答。
Static test and finite element analysis indicate that this strain multiplier have the advantage of good linear response.
静载实验和有限元分析表明，这种应变倍增器具有良好的线性响应。
A similar fate awaits any population exposed long enough to a new flu strain to which it has no immunity, experts believe.
专家们相信，任何没有免疫力的人群暴露于新的流感病毒株足够长的时间都经历相似的命运。
Lower interest rates could reduce the cost of funding for businesses and individuals at a time of great financial strain.
减息可以在重大金融危机之际降低企业和个人的融资成本。
